Ngā Whakamahi Matua GRASi mō te Whakarite i ngā Mate o te Māharahara Whare

Ngā uara: Kia manawa nui te tiaki i te hau kīwai

Te āheinga tiaki: Ngā takapū waho, ngā matawhaitanga, me ngā ringaringa matua i ngā wāhi i te tūrangi 40° ki te tonga o te pae whenua tuarua.

Ki ngā kōngongo o ngā winter o te tai tonga, ka tū ngā whare pērā i ngā tangata toa kore, ka whakaititia te pakiri ake o te hau kīwai, nui atu i te rā, nui atu i te pō. Ki te korekore te wāhanga o te waimatarau, ko te hau kīwai e kawe ana i te kahikatoa ki runga i ngā matawhaitanga o ngā whare, ka timata te riri koreko. Ko te pakiri, he mea iti noa iho nei, he mea nui rawa atu, he hoa mate tonu ki te hanganga—ka hoki hei roto i ngā poro kapillari o ngā whare, ka tahia atu i a rātou pūnaha pukupuku rānei, pukurangi rānei, i ngā huringa o te pakiri me te whakamātau.

Ngā Tohu Ahunga

Ki te kaiwhakarite tuatahi mō te whakamau i ngā āhuatanga o waho, ka tono ngā tohu ahunga ki te raru o te mate huka. I ngā takiwā ki runga i te Poutū 40° Renga a Tuhi, kei reira e mahana ana ngā takurua, ka mahi ngā rara o ngā tohu i waenganui i te 50–70 hokinga-huka me ngā hokinga-kainga i te tau. Ki te kīrehe ai te ua me te hukapapa ki ngā pūtahi iti i roto i ngā tohu, ka huka, ka whairopu, ka whanake iho i ngā pūtahi (e āhei ana tētahi hokinga huka ki te whakapae i te 20 MPa o ngā huanga). Ki te whakatangitangi i ngā wāhanga, ka kuhu i raro i te pari huka, ka noho hei whakapae anō ki te whairopu i te hokinga huka e whai ake nei. Ko tēnei mahi korekore "hokinga-huka" he paraoa e mahi nei, ka whakaiti haere i te mana moana me te pai kitea o ngā tohu.

Ngā Horahanga Whenua

Te whenua, kei reira ngā whare e tū ana i te whenua, he mea hirapō ki te pīmata. I te wai i pīmata ai i ngā kōwhiri o te whenua, ka paku mai te āniwaniwa, ka tohu tonu ki ngā hokoiti tuatahi, me te whakatupu i te whenua (te mātātuhi o te urunga: 15 cm) me ngā kōwhiri. Ko tēnei ka kitea nui i ngā marae-ā-waho, ngā ara noho, me ngā ara motokā. I muri i te kaupeka tuatahi, ka kitea ngā kōwhiri (te roa ake ki te 3 cm) i runga i te whenua i tū tonu ai, ka horoia nei ko te tirohanga me te haumanu hoki.

Ngā Tāhuhu

Ko te ‘karakahi’ o te whare, ko te tāhuhu, kei reira te paunga i ngā momo paihere pīmata rawa o te ao. I te mutu i te hinga mai o te hauware i te tāhuhu, ka hanga ngā pūtake āniwaniwa (i te waehanga e ui atu ana i te 5 cm, ka heke te mahi whakaroto wai e 60%), ka noho kē te wai hei whakahoki ki roto i te rākau tāhuhu, ka puta ake ngā pūnaha waihanga me te pūtake rākau. Nā te whakapae anō i ngā hokoiti tāhuhu i te wā o te pīmata-hinga, ka tere te wehewehe me te wehe i ngā hokoiti tāhuhu, ka taka ake te taumata o te wehenga me te pūmau (ka heke te tauwehea āniwaniwa e 2.5% ia tau).

Ngā Whakaiti Pūao me te Hangarau GRASi

I mua i ēnei whakaeke māori e kore e taea te karo, he poto noa iho te wā e taea ai e ngā tikanga tiaki makariri tuku iho te whakaoti, e hiahiatia ana rānei he tiaki me te whakakapi auau. Heoi anō, kua hurihia e ngā ahu whakamua i roto i te pūtaiao rauemi te tiaki i te kōpaka o te whare mā ngā hangarau tiaki hou.

Ka uru ngā rauemi tiaki GRASi matatau ki te hanganga iti o ngā rauemi hangahanga hei hanga i tētahi arai tiaki e kore e kitea. Ehara i te mea ka aukati tēnei arai i te uru atu o te wai, engari ka tiaki hoki i te "hauora" o ngā rauemi, e ārai ana i te whakapakari i te wai o roto. Ka heke iho te pāmahana ki raro i te hauhautanga, ka whakakorea e te kore o te wai te pēhanga whakawhānui mai i te hukarere, ka whakaoti i te kino i puta mai i nga huringa hukarere-whakahū.

Mo ngā Taiepa o waho

Nā ngā hangarau mōhiohia o nāianei i hanga ātete kōhatu itiiti ki te kāwai i runga i te urupa, e whakamahina ana i te ua me te hukarere kia pūnaki mai, ka riro atu ki te maha, e whakaiti ana i te tuku wawe. Ki te whai ake i te whiuwhiu paihere whenua me te tiwhikete UV, ka noho pūmau tēnei ātete i roto i ngā hau paheko nui. Ka noho māori ngā tahuhu marae i waenganui i ngā winter kino raweke, e whakapuakitanga nui ana i te wā o te mahi.

Mō ngā Urupa Whenua

Ka whakamana anō tēnei tiwhikete i te kore wai e tuku nei, ā, ka whakapai i te mana takutaku me te whanaketanga o ngā whenua urupa. Ka taea e ngā urupa whakarite nei te whakatika i te pānga o te whakapapa huka, ka whakaiti i te pūtake o ngā pūtau me te whakawāhanga i te winter.

Mō ngā Pōrohiwi

Nā ngā hangarau tiwhikete matatau i puta ki waho i ngā whenua pōrohiwi kia hanga i tētahi pareti whakamauwai whakanuiake, e whakatupu ana i te wai kia kaua e tuku tuatahitia ana, ā, ka whakatika i te whakahoki o te wai i ngā pūtau huka. Anō hoki ka whakangaro i te whakapakari me te whakapakari o ngā whenua pōrohiwi i waenganui i ngā hīkohu-kōpūtahi, ka whakarewa i te wehi me te whakarerekē.

Tuhinga Tāke: Putanga Kōrero Taonga Whakahirahira ki te Kanata

Noho ana i te taha tuarua o te Poutū 40° Tonga, ka whai ēnei putanga taonga i te hēmama o te takurua mō te wāhanga kotahi o te tau, me ngā wehi wera e kore nei e kitea i –30°C, e whakamātau ana i te whiuwhiu o te pūnaha hanga. I whakamahi te rōpū hanga i tētahi whakatika hanga hou hei whakapai i ngā totoanga o waho, o te whenua, me ngā tahuhu, whakatupu i tētahi pūnaha whiuwhiu whakauru iho. Ka whakapai ngā totoanga i whakamahi ai ki te whakawehe i ngā whiuwhiu o te takurua, ā, ka kitea he pai rawa hoki te pūnaha rangaranga āhua, kia ea ai te hau kai te porowhita. Ko te aromatawai whakautu mō ngā rua hēmama takurua, ka kitea ko ngā wāhi i whakapaihia, kaore i whakakorehia ngā whiuwhiu, ināianei i ngā wāhi kawenga kore, me te itinga nui i ngā utu whakahaere. Nō reira, ka mahaki ake ngā totoanga o waho i te wāhanga o te rā, ka whakaiti i ngā momo whiuwhiu.

Ko tēnei he whai māramatia rawa atu i te whakamahinga o te tiaki whare; he tiaki moana hoki nō ngā kawa o te takurua ā-tāone i ngā wāhi ki te rima tekau °Rangi Whānui. I te wā e kawe ana i te hukapapa i te whenua, kei reira ia whare e tiakina nei i te mātauranga pūtaiao, e tu ana i te pai tōtika i roto i te kaupapa huka o te tāone, e kanohi ake ana hei tohu i te noho pai tahi o te mahara tangata me te ao rangi.